HESI (Health and Environmental Sciences Institute) Health Assessment Practice Test

An enlarged and everted umbilicus is primarily indicative of an umbilical hernia. An umbilical hernia occurs when there is a protrusion of tissue, such as intestine or fat, through a weakness in the abdominal muscles near the umbilical area. The enlarged appearance is due to the accumulation of tissue or organs in that region, leading to the characteristic everted or outward bulging shape of the umbilicus.

In contrast, other conditions mentioned do not typically present with an everted umbilicus. Intra-abdominal bleeding may cause abdominal distension but does not specifically lead to changes in the umbilicus. Constipation usually manifests with symptoms related to bowel movements without any notable alterations to the umbilicus. An abdominal tumor could cause a mass effect but would not specifically cause everted characteristics at the umbilical region as clearly as an umbilical hernia does.

Therefore, the presence of both enlargement and eversion in the umbilical area directly suggests the likelihood of an umbilical hernia.